Heater for kilns



a. w. SOULE.

HEATER FOB KILNS,

(Application filed Jan. 13, 1898.)

Patented Jan, 3, I899; I

(No llodelz 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

WiTNESSES Patented Jan. 3, I899. GqW. SOULE. HEATER FOR mus.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

mvmon 1 s ,M E 2/ M 4 i E N W W ma uoams PEYERS 00., PHUTO-UTHO" WASHINGTON. n. c.

trio.

GEORGE SOULFI, OF MERIDIAN, MISSISSIPPI.

HEATER FOR KILNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,260, dated January 3, 1899..

Application filed January 13, 1893. Serial No. 666,565. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. SOULl I, a citizen of the United States, residing at Meridian, in the county of Lauderdale and State of Mississippi, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters for Kilns;

and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in means for heating kilns; and it consists in providing a kiln with aradiator having a considerable portion of its surface exposed interiorly of the kiln and a furnace for supplying heat to the said radiator.

It also consists in providing a radiator for kilns which is supplied with heat from a suitable furnace, and means for admitting a limited quantity of fresh air to the kiln at suitable points with relation to the said radiator.

It also consists in certain other novel constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a kiln, parts being broken away to show the interior thereof, a radiator and furnace constructed in accordance with my invention being constructed therein. Fig. 2 represents a perspective view of my improved radiator and furnace. Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal sectional view through the said radiator and furnace and the air-induction passage beneath the same. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section through the radiator and air-flue beneath the same; and Fig. 5 represents a diagram matical plan view, showing a different arrangement of radiator-drums and also showing how more than one furnace and radiator can be used in a kiln and the manner of connecting up the fines of the same.

A in the drawings represents a kiln of any suitable size and construction provided with a skeleton floor, as a, for supporting any substances or materials to be dried.

13 represents my improved furnace, and O the radiator connected therewith.

In constructing a radiator and furnace for kilns it is often desirable to make them of sheet metal, and unless they are constructed with certain important features in View they are apt to be rendered useless by being quickly burned out, and thus not only destroyed, but are liable to set fire to the kilns or any materials that may be drying therein. My invention was conceived with a view to constructing a simple radiator and furnace which should take into account all these details and effectively guard against any of the difficulties.

The furnace proper is constructed in the lower part of the kiln, about half of it, or that portion occupied by the fire-box, being preferably arranged just outside the wall of the kiln. As illustrated in the drawings, the furnace B is provided with the usual grate b, and a bridge-wall b is constructed, preferably, about midway of the length of the furnace. To the rear of the bridge-wall and between it and the rear wall of the furnace I insert perforated tiles, as 19 These tiles are mounted horizontally, occupying the whole space between the bridge-wall b and the rear wall of the furnace and extending from side to side therein. They may be provided, as shown in the drawings, with square perforations, as 12 or perforations of any other desired size and shape. They are preferably formed in sections, there being shown in the drawings four tiles for covering the required space. Below these tiles b a downtake, as 19*, is formed which extends to the floor or foundation of the furnace. The particular purpose for which perforated tiles are adapted is the breaking up of the body of the flame and spreading it evenly in the downtake both for the purpose of producing a more perfect combustion and that it may prevent the impinging of so solid a volume on the radiator.

The rear end of the furnace B, as seen in the greater part of the combustion-chamber.

The radiator O is preferably constructed in cylindrical form and may be made of plates joined together or sheet metal bent into the form of cylinders. Suitable heads, as a, close the ends of this cylinder. The end of the radiator which is nearest the furnace is 0on nected with the combustion-chamber of the same by means of a neck or a tubular pas sage, as c. The neck 0 is preferably located at the lower part of the radiator and opens into the downtake b below the perforated tiles 19 The entrance of the neck 0 is preferably a little distance above the bottom of the downtake. This insures the arresting of the sparks in the bottom of the said chamber and prevents the liability of their entering the drum or radiator O. The pipe or neck 0 extends a considerable distance into the drum or radiator C-say about one-third of the length thereof-and it isprovided with side openings, as 0 at suitable intervals along its length. These openings are preferably provided with projecting portions, as c ,which extend outwardly over the same and serve to further diffuse and spread the heat which issues forth from the openings 0 The openings 0 are somewhat larger in area collectively than the area of the pipe itself. The purpose of this arrangement is to provide for more evenly heating the radiator than would be possible if the pipe opened at once into the radiator at its end. This is an important feature and particularly desirable where sheet metal is the only practical material for constructing the radiators, for if the flame is released in a solid volume into the radiator the heat is lo calized, which will cause the destruction of the shell of the radiator and always endanger the material which is being dried in the kiln.

In a drying-kiln a certain quantity of fresh air must be constantly admitted therein, and by experiment it is found that the best place to admit the same is where it will impinge directly against a heatingsurface and become heated before comingin contact with the material to be dried. In order to provide for the admission of fresh air in this manner, I construct an air-inlet flue, as D, which enters the kiln beneath its floor, the outer end, as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, being open to the external atmosphere. This flue passes to a point beneath one end of the radiator, and thence it extends below the said radiator beyond its opposite end. At predetermined distances the flue is provided with upwardly-extending air-outlet passages, as d, preferably formed in metallic supportingseats, as d. The seats d have broad bearing base portions,as diextending laterallybeyond the air-duct, and preferably resting upon brick supports or piers, as d This insures greater stability in the device and takes the strain of the weight of the radiators from the air-duct proper. Upon the upper ends of the supports (1 a longitudinal way,as dflis formed, which is adapted to be engaged by cylindrical rollers,as d. The rollers d are formed so as to fit the curvature of the radiator O, which is adapted to rest upon the said rollers and be supported thereby. The upper surfaces of the supports d are curved to correspond with the curvature of the rollers (1 The rollers d extend across the mouth of the opening leading from the duct D. Limiting side lugs, as d, are formed upon the upper ends of the supports d and prevent the rollers d from moving too far and getting out of place by running off of the said supports.

It will be understood that the radiators should be supported so as to allow of free expansion and contraction of the material from which the radiators are constructed. By my improved construction of rollers and supports, therefore, Iam enabled not only to support the radiator so that it is free to expand and contract, but am enabled to admit fresh air to the kiln at points where it will first impinge upon the heated radiator and become thoroughly heated before coming in contact with the material in the kiln, which is being dried. The end of the radiator farthest from the furnace is provided with an opening of suitable size, which leads into a fiue or smoke-pipe, as c, which passes outside the kiln and extends up to a considerable height for insuring a good draft.

One radiator and furnace may be used for a kiln, if desired, or two or more may be used in larger kilns, accordingly as may be required. Where two or more radiators and furnaces are employed, I preferably connect the fiues thereof and lead them to a common smoke-stack 0 as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawings. Asillustrated in Fig. l of the drawings, the radiators and furnaces are located in opposite ends of the kiln, the radiators extending toward each other, and the connecting-pipe 0 which leads to the smoke stack 0 passes from one of the radiators past the end of the other, both the radiators being connected therewith. As shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, furnaces E E may be located in the sides of the kiln instead of the ends, and the drums e e extend transversely in the bottom of the kiln. The rear ends of the radiators are connected by means of a crossflue, as e', which in turn is connected with a flue 6 leading to the stack 6 It will be apparent from the above descrip tion that the radiators and furnaces may be arranged in anysuitable manner in the kiln, according to the location and construction thereof, without departing in the least from the spirit of my invention.

The air-duct for supplying air along the under side of the radiator may be constructed of boarding or any suitable material, as it is preferably sunk beneath the floor and is not subjected to the heat in any way.

The furnace A may be of any suitable construction; but, as shown in the drawings, I prefer to provide it with an outer metallic shell provided with fire-brick interiorly arranged, suitable feeding and draft doors being provided in its front.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1 In a heater for kilns, the combination with a drum arranged interiorly of the kiln, of a furnace for supplying heat to the said drum comprising a combustion-chamber a IIO downtake formed between the bridge-wall and the rear wall, and forming a part of the combustion-chamber, and perforated tiles mounted in the said combustion-chamber between the bridge-wall and the furnace-wall for breaking up the volume of the flame entering the downtake, substantially as described.

2. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a drum arranged interiorly of the kiln, of a furnace for supplying heat to the said drum comprising a combustion-chamber a downtake formed between the bridge-wall and the rear wall, and forming a part of the said combustion-chamber, the said downtake being adapted to arrest sparks,and perforated tiles interposed between the bridge-wall and the said rear wall for breaking up the volume of the flame entering the downtake, substantially as described.

3. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a drum mounted in the bottom of the kiln, of a furnace also extending into the said kiln, a pipe for connecting the said radiator and the said furnace, and tiles mounted in the combustion-chamber of the furnace between the bridge-wall and the furnace-wall and above the entrance of the said pipe for breaking up the volume of the flame entering the drum, substantially as described.

4. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a suitable furnace, of a drum or radiator mounted in the said kiln, and a pipe connecting the combustion-chamber of the furnace with the said radiator, the said pipe extending a considerable distance into the said radiator and being provided wit-h lateral openings whereby the heat is spread throughout the interior of the radiator, substantially as described.

5. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a suitable furnace, of aradiator comprising a drum mounted in the said kiln, a pipe extending from the combustion-chamber of the furnace to the said radiator and projecting for a considerable distance interiorly thereof, the said pipe being provided with lateral openings whereby the heat is adapted to be discharged more evenly in the said drum, and deflectors formed upon the said pipe above the said openings for further disseminating the heat, substantially as described.

6. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a suitable furnace, of a drum mounted the same upon suitable standards mounted in the kiln, the construction being such that the material of which the drum is constructed is free to expand or contract under the influence of the heat, the said rollers allowing for the movement thus produced, substantially as described.

7. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a suitable furnace, of a drum mounted interiorly of the kiln, means for connecting the two, means for admitting fresh air tothe kiln comprising an air-duct communicating with the outer atmosphere and extending 1ongitudinally beneath the radiator, the said. duct being provided with discharge-openings at various points along the length of the drum, and means for supporting the drum above the said dischargeppenings, substantially as described.

8. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a radiator, means for supplying heat to the same, the said radiator comprising a drum, means for feeding fresh air to the said kiln comprising a duct arranged longitudinally beneath the said drum and provided with dis charge-openings, supports mounted over the said discharge-openings provided with bear ing-surfaces at their upper ends, and rollers interposed between the said bearing-surfaces and the said drum for movably supporting the same, the construction being such that fresh air may be admitted directly against the hot drum and the drum is so mounted as to be free to expand and contract under the action of the heat, substantially as described.

9. In a heater for kilns, the combination with a suitable drum, of means for heating the same, an air-duct arranged beneath the floor of the kiln, supports mounted upon the said duct at suitable intervals and provided with openings communicating with the said duct, the said openings or passages conducting air therefrom to a point immediately beneath the radiator, bearing-surfaces formed upon the upper ends of the said supports, rollers interposed between the said bearingsurfaces and the radiators, and lugs orflanges formed upon the said supports for limiting the movement of the said rollers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

cnoaen w. soULn.

Witnesses:

DAVE BENGAUER, GARLAND MORNEY. 

